Postpartum and Lactation Support

What is the fourth trimester?

The fourth trimester, a term that refers to the first three months after birth, is a crucial period for

both new mothers and their babies. During this time, postpartum and breastfeeding support is

essential for ensuring the health and well-being of both. This period involves significant physical,

emotional, and psychological adjustments for mothers, and comprehensive support can make a

profound difference.

Birth Recovery and Support

Recovery from childbirth is very varied and dependent on various factors. While healing from

delivery, the body undergoes numerous changes and adjusts to its new state. For mothers, this

includes managing pain from any childbirth interventions, healing from vaginal tears or cesarean

sections, and experiencing the onset of lactation. Proper postpartum support involves a

collaborative care team to monitor recovery, address any complications and to support the

family within the home. Postpartum doulas and lactation consultants who provide home visits

can be essential to helping the parent meet their early recovery and infant feeding goals.

Lactation Support

Lactation support is vital. While breastfeeding is a natural process, it can also be challenging for

new mothers. Issues such as latching difficulties, nipple pain, and concerns about milk supply

can arise. Expert guidance from lactation consultants and breastfeeding support groups can

help mothers overcome these hurdles. These professionals provide practical advice on proper

latch techniques, breastfeeding positions, how to use a breast pump, and how to manage breast

milk. Effective early breastfeeding and/or pumping support not only helps establish lactation but

also helps to identify any anatomical challenges of the baby that could have effects on the

parent’s milk supply.

Hormones and the Fourth Trimester

Emotionally, the postpartum period can feel daunting. New mothers often experience a

rollercoaster of emotions due to hormonal fluctuations, sleep deprivation, and the pressures of

new parenthood. The risk of postpartum depression and anxiety is significant, and support

systems play a critical role in mental health. 1 in 5 women are affected by anxiety and

depression during pregnancy and within 1 year postpartum, according to Postpartum Support

Virginia. Emotional support from partners, family, and mental health professionals can help

mothers navigate these feelings, offering reassurance, listening, and practical help. Peer

support groups where mothers can share experiences and receive encouragement are also

valuable in reducing feelings of isolation.

Social Support

Social support is integral during the fourth trimester and helps to reduce feelings of isolation.

The adjustment to a new baby can be overwhelming, and having a network of support can ease

this transition. This includes help with household tasks, meal preparation, and childcare,

allowing mothers to focus on recovery and bonding with their baby. Social support not only

alleviates physical burdens but also reinforces emotional well-being, providing a sense of

community and reducing stress.

Comprehensive Support Is Key!

Overall, comprehensive postpartum and breastfeeding support is essential for a positive fourth

trimester experience. It helps ensure that mothers recover well from childbirth, establish

successful breastfeeding practices, and navigate the emotional and social adjustments of new

parenthood. By prioritizing this support, society can contribute to healthier, happier mothers and

infants, laying a strong foundation for their future well-being.

Written by Tikara Cannon, MPH, CBS, IBCLC, Doula and owner of Milk & Cradle-Maternal Wellness Services